Haba hariho abantu bakomeje gushakisha igisubizo ku ngorane zijyanye no guhumeka umwuka mubi, batuma hari ibyiyumviro bija ahabona, kuva ku bisanzwe, ukaja biteye amazinda mu nyuma ugashika ku bidasobanutse.
Ishule ry’intango ryo mu gisagara cya Londres usanga ritanga agakoresho ko gukingira amazuru (masque) ku banyeshule. Ubutegetsoi bwo mw’ikomine ya Cornwall usanga busaba abantu kuja hanze iyo baba iruhande y’amabarabara acyamwo ibinyabiziga myinshi.
Ibisagara bine bikomeye- Paris, Athenes, Mexicyo City na Madrid-vyipfuza guhagarika ivyuma byose bikoresha ibitoro byo mu bwoko bwa “diesel” bitarenze mu 2025.
Ku murwa mukuru w’Ubuhindi, Delhi, urimwo umwuka mubi cyane, usanga bazana imoteri y’indege ngo ishwiragize uwo mwuka. Ikigo cya Onu citaho amagara y’abantu “Organisation Mondiale de la Santé” cyaharuye ko 92% vy’abantu bose baba kw’isi bahema umwuka mubi-naho utaba umeze kumwe hose.
Ku bakene bo mu misozi, umwuka mubi uva mu gutekesha inkwi cyangwa ku mase iyo inzu yugaye.Mu turere tutaratera imbere, n’umwuka uva mu binyabiziga cyangwa ivumbi riva ku kubaka. Uwufite ububasha kw’isanamu New Delhi ni kimwe mu bisagara byo kw’isi birimwo ibyuka bibangamira amagara
Mu bihugu bimaze kwitez’imbere, umwuka mubi uva mu binyabiziga no mu nganda.Icya mbere gikwiye gukogwa ni kumenya ibibanza biba birimwo umwuka wangiza n’ingene abantu batandukigwa.
Ibyavumbuwe n’umuntu umwe mu bahanga bo ku ishule kaminuza ya Leicester bamaze igihe bakoresha akuma gapima umwuka kugira bamenye urugero rw’uwutandukira umuntu.
Twarakurikiranye Logan Eddy w’imyaka 14, atwaye akuma gaharura uko umwuka acyamwo umeze n’ingene ungana. Aho yacya, twacya tubona imirongo kw’ikarata ya “electronique”, ibara ry’iyo mirongo niryo ryerekana urugero bw’ububi bw’umwuka. Akuma kagenzura urugero rw’ibyuka karakwereka uburyo byifasheku munsi
Ibyuka byari bibi kandi ari byinshi cyane igihe yari ahagaze arindiriye kujabuka ahantu hacya imodoka nyinshi, biba bicye ku mabarabara yo ku ruhande, bisubira kuduga iruhande y’amaduka aho imodoka zihagaze ziguma zihindisha imoteri.
Amaze kubona ingene urwo rugero rw’ibyuka rugenda ruhindagurika bitewe n’aho umuntu ashitse, Logan yaciye ahindura ibyo yarazi ku bijanye n’umwuka wo mu nzira, bagenziwe nabo nyene bacya barahindura ingendo.”Ababibonye baciye birinda kurindirira bagenzi babo iruhande ya bisi zitazimije imoteri, bavuye mw’ishule,” niko yavuze.
“Barindirira ….kure y’amabisi. Professeur Roland Leigh, wa kaminuza ya Leicester, avuga ko bikwiye ko imodoka zimenya aho zihagarara ku buryo ibyuka zirekura bidatandukira abantu bari mu mabarabara na cyane cyane abana n’abasaza.
“Kimwe mu intu twese dukwiye gukora nuko twoteza imbere uburyo bwo kwiyunguruza, kugira ngo imodoka ntizigirire urutavanako hafi y’amashule y’intango cyanke hafi y’amazu y’abasaza ahubwo apfume arugirira mu bindi bice aho umwotsi utandukira abantu bake,” niko yavuze.
Gusukura imoteri
Kubera iki tutotangurira ku bizana cyane uwo mwotsi nukuvuga imodoka zirekura iyo myuka mibi? I Buraya abahingura imodoka bamaze imyaka myinshi baratunganije uburyo bwo gusukura imoteri, bakazikuramwo ibyuka bibangamira amagara y’umuntu nka “monoxyde de carbone” na “dioxyde d’azote” .
Kaminuza ya Bath isuzuma urugero rw’ibyotsi biva mu modoka Mu mategeko mashasha y’ibihugu bya Buraya ku bijyanye ni’ibyo byotsi, Euro 6, asaba ko ibinyabiziga irekura ibyotsi bike ku ya kera, ariko icizere cyaragabanutse kuva igihe uruganda rwa VW rifashwe ryabeshe ntirikurikize iryo tegeko.
Inzira zitandukanye ziriko zirigwa kugira ngo icyo kibazo c’ibyuka birekugwa n’imodoka kirangire. Abahinga bo kw’ishule kaminuza rya Bath biyumvira yuko hakorwa icyuma cyinjizwa mu moteri cya gabanya ibyo byuka ariko bagasanga imodoka yohava inywa cyane, ibyuka bya “dioxyde de carbone” bikiyongera bigatuma ikibazo cyo guhangana n’ihindagurika ry’ibihe kirushaho gukomera.
Abandi bibaza ko abafite ibinyabiziga ishaje bohabwa amahera yo kugura ibinyabiziga yo mu gihe cya none irekura ibyuka bike, ariko bakibaza iyo yova niba ubutegetsi bwovyishinga. Mu bihugu bimwe bimwe bya Buraya ibinyabiziga itarekura ibyotsi irakurigwako amwe mu mahera y’ikori ibyo bigatuma abafite iza kera barondera uburyo bazikuraho.
Mu gihe icyo kibazo citwararitswe cyane mu bihugu biteye imbere, ku mugabane wa Afrika no muri Asia itangaza yuko ngo ikibazo kitari kwihutishwa ngo kirangire vuba. Ngo kandi nta mugambi numwe utunganywa wo kugenzura urugero ibyuka bibangamira ubuzima bw’umuntu rugezeko.
