“… tubabajwe n’uburyo abakoloni bihaye kwirukana umwami bagaharika inzego ze zose akamburwa ububasha bwe ntampamvu (Notes with regret that the Administering Authority has arbitrarily suspended the power of the Mwami of Ruanda and has not allowed him to return to Rwanda to resume his duties as Mwami)”- Loni.
Kuba umwami Kigeli V Ndahindurwa yarirukanwe n’abazungu, mbere ya Kamarampaka, byatumye imyanzuro ya
Loni itandukanye ivuga kuri kamarampaka n’uko yari kuzakorwa mu Rwanda iba ipfabusa, abanyarwanda
bahatirwa Repurika batemera kandi batatoye. Aya ni amwe mu magambo y’umwe mu bayobozi b’umuryangouharanira gucyura Umwami Rwandese Democratic Monarchy (RDM) mu magambo ahinnye
y’icyonereza.Abantu batandukanye bakomeje kujya impaka ku kibazo cya Kamarampaka y’u Rwanda yo kuwa 25 Nzeri 1961.
Bamwe bavuga ko iyo Kamarampaka yabaye mu buryo butemewe n’amategeko kandi yari igambiriye guhirikainzego z’ubuyobozi bw’u Rwanda ( Ubwami) zari zimaze imyaka myishi ziyoboye igihugu. Abandi bakavuga ko
Kamarampaka yabaye mu mucyo nta kibazo cyahabaye ndetse ko u Rwanda rwibohoje ingoma ya Cyami.
Kuva aho ikinyamakuru Inyangenews gitangarije inkuru 2 zibanze kubiganiro by’umunyamabanga mu kuru w’umuryango uharanira gucyura umwami RDM, ndetse n’indi yasohotse yanditswe nyuma y’aho abasomyi bacu badusabiye kubakorera iperereza kuri Kamarampaka y’u Rwanda, igaragaza uburyo FPR itemera uburyo Repuburika yagiyeho ariko ikayigenderaho, twakomeje kwakira ibitecyerezo bitandukanye bivuye kubasomyi bacu, badusaba kongera kubakorera ubushakashatsi kuri Kamarampaka yo ku itariki ya 25 Nzeri 1961 cyane ko nyuma y’izo nkuru uko ari ebyiri, itangazamakuru ryatangiye kwandika kuri Kamarampaka, ariko ababyandika bose bakaba batandukanya uko basobanura amateka y’u Rwanda.
Igikomeje gutera urujijo n’amateka yakomeje kugorekwa kuva abakoloni bakwinjira mu Rwanda, bakagirana ikibazo n’Umwami Yuhi IV Musinga, utarashakaga ko u Rwanda ruba ingaruzwa muheto y’abazungu, ibi byaje kumuviramo gukurwa kubuyobozi bwe acirirwa inyuma y’igihugu, byakurikiwe n’urupfu rw’Umwami Mutara III Rudahigwa, watanze atewe urushinge n’Umuzungu, kugeza ubu beshi batavugaho rumwe, ariko ubushakashatsi bugaragaza ko yari afitanye ikibazo n’abazungu mbere y’uko atanga kandi nawe kimwe na se Yuhi IV Musinga, ntabwo yemeraga ko twakomeza kugendera kubukoroni bw’abazungu.
Ikibazo gikomeje kugibwaho impaka ariko nanone gifitiwe ibisobanuro kuko ari amateka yavuba, kandi n’uwo byabayeho akiriho,n’ihunga ry’Umwami Kigeli V Ndahindurwa, n’uburyo yirukanwe, hakabaho guhirika ubwami bwe , nyuma yiyirukanwa rye, ryaje gushakirwa ibisobanuro binyuze kuri ya Kamarampaka kugeza ubu itavugwaho rumwe n’abanyarwanda bose.
Kubera iki kibazo cy’abakoloni, amateka yakomejwe kugorekwa hagamijwe guhisha ukuri no kurengera inyungu za politiki, bituma abanyarwanda batamenya ukuri neza kw’ibyabaye mu gihugu cyabo, cyane ko kugeza ubu abana beshi bavutse nyuma bagiye bagira ibyago byo kutamenya ukuri bitewe n’amateka yagiye yigishwa nabi mu nyungu zirengera abanyapolitiki, hagahishwa ukuri nkana.
Kamarampaka yo kuwa 25 Nzeri 1961.
Nk’uko ikinyamakuru Inyangenews cyabyanditse iyi Kamarampaka ntivugwa ho rumwe n’abantu batandukanye, mu bushakashatsi twakoze twasanze hari ibice bitatu bivuga kuri Kamarampaka, igice cya mbere n’icy’abazungu n’abandi bari bashyigikiye ibyo abakoloni bakoze bitewe n’inyungu za politiki, cyangwa kutamenya ukuri, abo barimo n’abantu bato bagiye bigishwa amateka agoramye.
Ikindi gice n’icyabantu biganjemo abayobozi bo muri FPR, batemera Kamparampaka ariko bakaba ariho bahhereye bakora indi kamarampaka na none itemewe na mategeko kubera gushaka kugundira ubutegetsi nyuma yo gusaba Umwami w’uRwanda Kigeli V Ndahundurwa yuko yataha mu Rwanda hagakorwa Kamarampaka yindi kunshuro y’ ll ariko Umwami akaba yarababwiye yuko bishoboka ko yataha mu gihe yaba ariwe uzaba ahagarariye iyo Kamarampaka kuko nta butegetsi bwamusimbuye binyuze mu mategeko cyangwa ngo butorwe na baturage ku buryo bwemewe na ategeko.Iyo komisiyo twibutse ko,yari iyobowe na Pastor Ezira MPYISI bagiye gusaba Umwami w’uRwanda Kigeli V Ndahindurwa mu mwaka wa 2014 mu kuboza.
Kubera inyungu bakura mu buyobozi bihariye, nk’uko twabyanditse ubushize FPR yakuyeho ibirango bya Repuburika ivuga ko bifite ibisobanuro bibi kuko repuburika yatowe n’agatsiko k’abantu, ariko inanirwa guhakana burundu ko itagiyeho mu buryo butemewe n’amategeko.Bivugwa ko baramutse bayihakanye batabona uburyo bikinga muri Repuburika kuko ariho babasha gukura umugati bikubiye, n’ubwo batemera uburyo yagiyeho.
Ikindi gice ni igihakana ko Kamarampaka yo kuwa 25 Nzeri 1961 itemewe n’amategeko kandi ko itagiyeho mu nyungu z’abanyarwanda, ahubwo yagiyeho mu nyungu z’abakoloni, kuko batashakaga ko u Rwanda baruvamo burundu, kubera inyungu bari bafite mu Rwanda by’umwihariko n’igihugu cya Congo bakuragamo amabuye y’agaciro menshi, bashakaga gukomeza kuba hafi bityo systeme y’ubutegetsi basize bashyizeho ikaba yarakomeje gutuma habaho gukoloneza igihugu batakirimo.
Loni ibivugaho iki?
Nk’uko bigaragara mu myanzuro itandukanye ya Loni 1579, 1580, 1605 iyi myanzuro yose irimo ingingo nyishi zigaragaza ko Kamarampaka y’u Rwanda yabayeho mu buryo butemewe n’amtegeko, kandi yabaye mu buryo butandukanye n’ubwo Loni yari yategetse abakoloni kuyikoramo.
Nk’uko bivugwa na bamwe mu bayobozi b’umuryango uharanira gucyura Umwami (RDM), Umwami w’u Rwanda yirukanwe n’abazungu baba koloni kuko babonaga nahaguma amatora ya Kamarampaka atazatanga igisubizo bashakaga, kuko ngo yari akunzwe n’abanyarwanda beshi kandi bari bazi akamaro k’Umwami mu gihugu.
Bakomeza bavuga ko byatumye abazungu bakorera Umwami Kigeli V Ndahindurwa cout’Etat, bamwirukana mu gihugu nk’uko bakoreye abamubanjirije bose uhereye k’Umwami Yuhi IV Musinga n’Umwami Mutara III Rudahigwa batsinze i Burundi. Bemera ko iyirukanwa ry’Umwami Kigeli V, ntaruhare abanyarwanda bari bafitemo kuko Umwami atigeze yangwa n’abanyarwanda.Nk’uko rero imyanzuro ya Loni twa vuze haruguru yateguraga amatora ya Kamarampaka ibigaragaza, yasabaga abazungu ko mbere yo gukora ikintu cyose babanza bagasubiza Umwami uburenganzira bwe n’ububasha mu Rwanda, agasubizwa igihugu cye kuko yari yarirukanwe ari mu buhungiro.
Mu Mwanzuro wa Loni 1580 (XV) kumutwe wawo “ Ikibazo cy’umwami (Question of the Mwami)” akarongo kawo ka 1. vuga ko Loni ibabajwe n’uburyo abakoloni bihaye kwirukana Umwami bagahirika inzego ze zose akamburwa ububasha bwe ntampamvu (Notes with regret that the Administering Authority has arbitrarily suspended the power of the Mwami of Ruanda and has not allowed him to return to Rwanda to resume his duties as Mwami).
Bakomeza bavuga mu turongo dukurikiyeho ko Kamarampaka (Referendum ) izaba ihagarikiwe n’akanama ka Loni kandi ikaba Umwami yamaze kugera mu Rwanda. Uyu mwanzuro utsindagira ko Umwami w’u Rwanda yirukanwe n’abazungu kandi ko Kamarampaka yabaye kuri 25 Nzeri 1961 yaciye ukubiri n’ibyasabwaga n’umuryango mpuzamahanga Loni, ari nawo wari gutegura Kamarampaka n’ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryayo.
Ikindi kigaragaza ko iyi Kamarampaka itemewe kandi yabaye iciye ukubiri n’ibyifuzo by’abaturage ndetse na Loni, mu bibazo byagombaga kubazwa muri Kamarampaka nk’uko bigaragara mu mwanzuro wa Loni 1605 akarongo kawo ka 7, harimo ibi bazo 2, icyambere kwari ukubaza niba Abanyarwanda bashaka kugumana ubwami bwabo n’inzego zabwo ( Do you wish to retain the institution of the Mwami in Ruanda?), ikibazo cya kabiri , niba aribyo murashaka ko Kigeli V akomeza kuba Umwami w’u Rwanda?(If so, do you wish Kigeli V to continue as the Mwami of Ruanda?).
Kubera impamvu zitandukanye harimo ko Loni yasabaga Abakoloni kugarura Umwami Kigeli V wari wari rukanwe mu Rwanda,agasubizwa imirimo ye n’ububasha bwe mu gihugu mbere y’uko Kamarampaka iba bitubahirijwe n’Abakoloni,reriyabayeo kamarampaka yabaye ku itariki 25 Nzeri 1961 ntiyemewe n’amategeko n’amabwiriza yagombaga kuyigenga.
Ikindi gishimangira ko iyo kamarampaka yo kuri 25 Nzeri 1961 itemewe, n’uko muri ibi bibazo 2 byagombaga kubazwa, ikibazo cyambere kibaza abanyarwanda niba bashaka kugumana ubwami, iki kibazo kikaba cyabajijwe abanyarwanda ku itariki ya 25 Nzeri 1961 kandi Umwami atakiri mu Rwanda kuko yari yaramaze kwirukanwa, ni ukuvuga ko ntacyo bari guhitamo kuko umwanzuro bari bamaze kuwufatirwa n’Abakoloni.
Andi makuru twabonye agaragaza ko Abakoloni batashakaga Umwami kandi yari abateye ubwoba ko aramutse aje mu Rwanda mbere ya Kamarampaka azatorwa n’abanyarwanda, n’uko n’ubwo bari barakoze ibyo byose byo kumwirukana ndetse no kumwangisha abanyarwanda, ariko batigeze bamuvaho.
Ibi bigaragazwa n’uko amakuru dufite avuga ko Umwami Kigeli V akimara kumenya ko abazungu bamaze gutegura gutoresha
Kamarampaka ku itariki 25 Nzeri 1961, ngo yaje mu Rwanda amatora asigaje iminsi 2 rwihishwa aturutse Tanzaniya aho yari ari mu
buhungiro, ageze mu Rwanda yakirwa n’abanyarwanda ndetse bavuga ko ngo bahise bivumbura banga kuzatora, bavuga ko babonye Umwami wabo.Abazungu ngo babonye ko Kamarampaka bateguraraga ishobora gupfa, bahise bamufata bamwuriza indege kungufu bashaka ku mwicira i Bujumbura, ariko ngo uwari perezida wa Tanzania Nyerere yaba ngo yarababwiye ko nibaramuka bakoze kuri Kigeli V bari buhure n’ikibazo cyane ko yababwiraga ko nawe ari bwice benewabo bari muri Tanzania, baje gutinya ku mwica bamunyuza i Burundi bamusubiza muri Tanzania.
Bamwe mu bayobozi b’umuryango uharanira gucyura Umwami (RDM) bavuga ko ikintu cya mbere baharanira atari ukugarura ubutegetsi bwa cyami nk’uko abakunda gusebya Umwami babyitwaza, ahubwo ngo ni uguharanira ukuri Umwami w’u Rwanda agataha, nk’uko imyanzuro ya Loni ibivuga, agasubirana ububasha bwe, hagategurwa Kamarampaka iciye mu mucyo abanyarwanda bakihitiramo ubuyobozi bubabereye hatabaye kuriganywa n’abazungu dukora ibyo bashaka aho gukora ibyo abanyarwanda bashaka.
Bemeza ko ibyakozwe ari ugucamo ibice Abanyarwanda kuko aho bitugeze ntawashidikanya kubyemeza, kandi ngo usibye Abanyarwanda n’Ababiligi ubwabo bazi ko ibyo bakoze atari byo kandi aribyo byatumye Abanyarwanda bahura n’ibibazo dufite, cyane ko mu ijambo Minisitiri w’Ububiligi yavugiye mu Rwanda muri 2004 ubwo u Rwanda rwibukaga imyaka 10 ishize Jenoside y’abatutsi ibaye, yavuze mu Kinyarwanda asaba imbabazi ko ibyabaye ari ingaruka y’ibyo bakoze, “ . Mutubabarire ibyabaye n’ingaruka z’ibyo twakoze”
Twababajije niba Umwami aramutse adatowe uko byagenda, batubwira ko naramuka adatowe n’abanyarwanda mu matora yakozwe mu mucyo, azicara mu gihugu nk’umuntu wigeze kuyobora igihugu.Batsindagira ko Umwami adashobora kuza nk’umuturage usanzwe nk’uko FPR ibivuga kuko akiri Umwami w’u Rwanda, atigeze
yamburwa ububasha bwe n’ababanyarwanda, ahubwo yabwatswe n’abazungu nk’uko imyanzuro ya Loni ibigaragaza; ngo kuri bo n’ishingano yaburi munyarwanda guharanira ko ibyo abakoloni batuvukije tubisubirana kandi ko bizagerwaho ntakabuza.
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